Charge-forming device for explosion-motors.



A. E. PALMER.

CHARGE EORMING OEvlcE FOR EXPLOSION MOTORS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. i914.

Lg, Patented Jan. 22,19%,

frog/VEMO- iran salirse para ARTHUR E. PALMER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, SSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'I0 THE STANDARD PARTS COMPANY, 0F CLEVELAND,0HIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

CHARGE-FORMING :DEVICE EUR EXPLOSION-MOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented dan. 22, .tgld

Application led April 28, 1914. Serial No. 835,032.

vices for EXplosionMotors, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The present ,improvements relate nection when the engine is started, at which i time lthe exhaust or waste gases from the motor are utilized for the heating of the fuel in order `to effectively vaporize the same. To the accomplishment of these and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such-disclosed means constituting', however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be nsed. In said annexed drawingzy Figure l`i's a vertical section through the improvements constituting my invention.;V

Fig'. 2 is a similar View showing a modification of the device; and Fig. 3 is a plan view of 'a detail of the construction shown in Fig. 1.l

In Fig. l there is shown a conduit '1 which leads to the cylinders (not shown) of an explosion motor. such conduit being usually referred to as the intake manifold. Con,- nected to the lower end of such conduit is a casing or chamber 2 Whichserves as a.

to v'charge forming devices for explosion moniixing chamberl for'the fuel and air, the air being supplied through a nozzle 3 disposed horizontally in one end of the casing 2 and being controlled by means of an adjustable needle valve 4. The fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber through a vertically disposed nozzle 5 which is connected by means of a suitable pipe 6 to a float chamber (not shown) of any desired type, vwhich will be disposed so as to maint-ain the level of the liquid vin the nozzle at about the position indicated by the numeral 7.`

' Mounted about the nozzle 5 and attached to, or formed integral with the Casing 2, as may be preferred, is a second or auxiliary casirgV 8 which is provided with inlet and outlet openings 9 and 10, respectively. The

'opening 9 is connected with a pipe ll which will be attached to the exhaust pipe from thc motor, thus providing a iiow of bot exhaust gas through the casing S and around the inlet nozzle 5 when the motor is being operated.

Mounted about the adjustable needle valve ttor the air noz/.le 3 is a small casing l2 which is provided with a Conduit 13 cntering thecxhaust pipe 11 but taking air at an end lat disposed exteriorly of Said pipe. In this way the air is heated bymeans of exhaust after the motor has been started and by thus heatingboth the air and the` liquid fuel a complete vaporization of the latter and a very intimate mixture of the two can be secured. which is of course the result desired in all types of carbureters and par' and will be intermittently open at medium speeds, being entirely closed at low speeds,

when a rich mixture is desired.

In order to start the motor upon the heavy fuel without using some lighter oil such as gaSOlene, additional heatingr means are provided for both the air and fuel, such means preferably taking the form of als@1 trical heating coils 16 and the mixture,l

5, and beloiv the air nozzle 3, a concave plate' 17 connected in series and disposed respectively about the air pipe 13 and the fuel conduit 5 and being suitably covered to protect the same from the action of the exhaust gas. A switc 18 is provided inthe circuit, as well as a source of current 19, which will usually be a'battery, as of course this heating means will not be required for more than the few seconds prior to the starting o f the motor.

It will be noted that the air nozzle?) is disposed at substantially right angles to the fuel nozzle across the fuel nozzle and vapor'izing the liquid therein.l A certain amount of fuel is thus drawn up in the form of minute drops of liquid which Would in in any cases fall upon the bottom of the casing 2 and not reach the 'engine cylinders. To prevent this Waste, which Would affect the character of I dispose about the fuel nozzle 20 which is provided with an aperture fitting snugly about theA top of` the fuel nozzle. The air entering through the nozzle 3 and carrying with it the fuel in gaseous or liquid foam' `strikes against this plate at la very slight angle, the plate thus catching any of the-fuel (which is in'liquid form and preventingv the same from falling to the bottoni. of the mixing chamber 2. In order to susequently vaporize this liquid retained on the plate 20, I providel a heating coil 22 connected in series with the heating coils 16 and 17.

In some cases, however, itis desirable to form theplate 20 as a part of the top of the chamber 8, as in this construction the exhaust gas serves to maintain the plate at a high temperature at all times, thus entirely' eliminating any Waste by reason of the collection on this plate of-sinall drops .of liquid. Such a modification is illustrated in Fig. 2, in which form the casing 8 is extended up throughr the casing 2, the top 25A of the casing 8 being curved and acting as does the plate 20 in the construction illustrated in F ig. 1. In this type of my device it is not usually` necessary to provide a heating coil about the fuel. nozzle proper, the coil 22serving to suiiicicntly `heat the fuel for starting as`tlie heat is then conlined in the casing 8`and isalso to some.

extent directly in contact with tlieJiozzle 5.

toelicieiitly vaporize heavy liquid fueland mix the saine `with air without the use 'of ,my invention may lbe employed instead of? the one explained change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, pio'- 5, the current of4 air passing' The present apparatus has been found' vided the means stated by any of the following claims or' the equivalent of such stated means be employed. D

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention 1 1. A carburete'r for explosion engines coiny prising a mixing chamber, an upright fuel nozzle converging to said fuel nozzle, a slightly inclined plate disposed slightly below the level of said air nozzle upon the for heating said plate.

2. A carbureter for explosion engines comprising a mixing chamber, an upright fuel nozzle projecting thereinto, a h orizontal'air nozzle" projecting thereinto, a horizontal air opposite vside of saidl fuel nozzle, and means nozzle converging to said fuel nozzle, a

slightly inclined plate disposed slightly below the level of said air nozzle upon lthe opposite side of said fuel nozzle, and means for heating said fuel nozzle and plate and also theair -entering said air nozzle.

3. A carbureter for explosion engines comprising a mixing chamber, an upright fuel nozzle projecting thereinto, a horiontalair nozzle converging to said fuel nozzle, af

slightly inclined plate disposed slightly below the level of said airl nozzle uponr the opposite side of said fuel nozzle, and an e ectric resistancev heating element surrounding said fuel nozzle and lying against the bottom face of said plate.4

4. Carbureting devices for explosive en- Agines comprising a mixing chamber, a pre heating chamber, an' upright fuel nozzle ioo projecting through said vprelieating chamber and into said mixing chamber, a horizontal air nozzle converging to said kfuel nozzle, a.

slightly inclined plate disposed slightly Abeloiv the level of said air nozzle lupon the opposite side of said fuel nozzle, and means for simultaneously` heatingsaid plate and said fuel nozzle.

5. Carbureting'devices for explosive engines comprising a mixing chamber, a preheatiiig chamber, conduits leading through said preheating chamber,` one of said conduits lbeing for the air and the other for the fuel, said fuel conduit terminating 'with anozzle' located. in said mixing chamber, said air conduit leading to ahorizontal air .converging to -said fuel iiozzlel a slightly nozzle located in the mixing chamber 4and i inclined' plate disposed slightly below the i level -of said air nozzleupon the-oppositel side of said fuel nozzle, and means within A said prelieat-ing chamber for heating said any lighter fuel for starting purposes.- The conduits and means withinthe mixingchamber for s1multaneously-tlierewith heating said plate.

6.-C arburetmg devices for explosive'ensaid preheating chamber,-oue Vof said conduits bei-'ng for the air the other-ifo:

`the fuel, said fuel conduit terminating with' conduits and said plate for simultaneously .lo a nozzle located in saidl mixing chamber, heating the plate and preheating the fuel said air conduit leading to a horizontal air and the ail.

nozzle located in the mixingchamber and Signed by me, this 18th clay` of April, converging to said fuel nozzle, a slightly 914. inclined plate disposed sligh'ly below the ARTHUR E. PALMER( level of said air nozzle upon the opposite Attested byside of said fuel nozzle, and electric resist- ROBERT M. SEE, Y ance heating elements associated with said ARTHUR C.,Yos'.l. 

